I had the same problem and have solved by changing my id_shop in AttributeRepository.php.
When I installed my theme, it created one id_shop to each theme variation, and i have chosen the id_shop 6 to production. My ps_shop table has just one entry, with id_shop = 6.
When i debug the ProductController.php, i saw that $id_shop var was always null, and the function findByLangAndShop() was returning nothing. So, I edited the function in the file /src/PrestaShopBundle/Entity/Repository/AttributeRepository.php
I Changed:
->setParameters([
'idShop' => $idShop,
'idLang' => $idLang,
]);
to:
->setParameters([
'idShop' => 6,
'idLang' => $idLang,
]);
I think this is a bug in core prestashop files.